{"id":491,"date":"2016-10-07T04:37:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-07T04:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phalesaigon.com\/?p=491"},"modified":"2020-07-01T10:59:05","modified_gmt":"2020-07-01T03:59:05","slug":"lich-su-ra-doi-cua-thuy-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phalesaigon.com\/lich-su-ra-doi-cua-thuy-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c dung nham (magma) n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c con dao c\u1ef1c s\u1eafc.<\/strong>
\n H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh<\/a> l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n l\u01b0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng t\u00edch l\u00e0 \u1edf Ai C\u1eadp kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2000 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, khi \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 men m\u00e0u cho ngh\u1ec1 g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c. Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c La M\u00e3|\u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chai l\u1ecd. Th\u1ee7y tinh khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y v\u00ec t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f3. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh. Th\u1ee7y tinh ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u01a1i \u00e1nh xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y, sinh ra c\u0169ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y tinh<\/a> t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 7 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 8 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Torcello g\u1ea7n Venice. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1000 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf B\u1eafc \u00c2u khi th\u1ee7y tinh s\u00f4 \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n h\u01a1n: b\u1ed3 t\u1ea1t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb tro g\u1ed7. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y tr\u1edf \u0111i, th\u1ee7y tinh \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda b\u1eafc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c r\u00f5 n\u00e9t v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y tinh \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i, l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 s\u00f4 \u0111a v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u1ee7y tinh t\u1ea5m \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 sang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, c\u1eaft ch\u00fang khi \u0111ang c\u00f2n n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e1t ph\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5m. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13 \u1edf V\u00eanid\u01a1.<\/p>\n

Trung t\u00e2m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14 l\u00e0 V\u00eanid\u01a1, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 l\u00e3i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n, g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3 xa x\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7y tinh c\u1ee7a V\u00eanid\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc \u00c2u v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n.
\nS\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh Crown<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ee7y tinh Crown \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1800. Trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, \u1ed1ng th\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xoay tr\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 9 pound (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) (4 kg) th\u1ee7y tinh l\u1ecfng t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 5 ft (1,5 m). \u0110\u0129a sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5m ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. Th\u1ee7y tinh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u00eanid\u01a1 l\u00e0 cao gi\u00e1 gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 10 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14 b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ed quy\u1ebft. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1688, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fac th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u00e1y \u00e9p th\u1ee7y tinh n\u0103m 1827 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y tinh r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7y tinh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ax\u00edt hay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c (t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ee7y tinh). Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 \u0111uy\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n sau khi th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed5i hay \u0111\u00fac. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ax\u00edt theo khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn, theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ee7y tinh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y tinh m\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y tinh r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930, sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 suy tho\u00e1i.
\n\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chai thu\u1ef7 tinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Hoa K\u1ef3, vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai b\u1ecb ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ee7y tinh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00edch. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y tinh. C\u1ed1c, ch\u00e9n, b\u00e1t, \u0111\u0129a, chai, l\u1ecd v.v c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y tinh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n, g\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ed1ng thu h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ti vi, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh th\u00f3t c\u1ed5, \u1ed1ng th\u1eed, l\u0103ng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y tinh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y, th\u1ee7y tinh silicat bo (nh\u01b0 Pyrex) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea1o cho n\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n khi l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao, th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ee7y tinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7y tinh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ecd v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u1ed1ng th\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y tinh trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. Th\u1ee7y tinh t\u1eeb n\u00fai l\u1eeda, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1 l\u1eeda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a natri v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y tinh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong>
\nTh\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh khi n\u00f3 \u0111ang n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn m\u1ec1m, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf (n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i). \u1ede nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1edbn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y tinh, \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng l\u00f2 b\u1ec3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng l\u00f2 b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00f2n th\u1eeba (chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20-30% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u00f2) s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng, co l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 l\u1edbp g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda x\u00e2y l\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh l\u00f2. Chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y g\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ea5u th\u1ee7y tinh s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee7y tinh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf (n\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y tinh l\u1edbn ch\u1eb3ng may h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y, m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i trong kho qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u; n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, \u0111em qua l\u00f2 n\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2.<\/p>\n

Theo Wiki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c dung nham (magma) n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-style"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh - Pha l\u00ea S\u00e0i G\u00f2n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh. c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ecf chai,\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c dung nham.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/phalesaigon.com\/lich-su-ra-doi-cua-thuy-tinh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh - 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